Create a 250- to 300-word blog post in which you do the following:
Background
In psychology, learning theory refers to how we acquire basic responses and behaviors. We study three different types of learning: learning through association (classical conditioning), learning through reward or punishment (operant conditioning), and learning through imitation (observational learning). Learning theory is explored primarily through the Behavioral perspective, which emphasizes how the environment shapes who we are and how we behave.
Instructions
Choose one of the following options and respond to the essay questions:
Option A:
Option B:
Your response should be at least one page (500 words) written in a clear, concise, and organized manner. Be sure to demonstrate ethical scholarship in accurate representation and attribution of sources (i.e. APA); and display accurate spelling, grammar, and punctuation. For help in citing sources, click on Academic Resources under Course Home.
Resource: CWE Sample Outline
Develop a clearly worded outline for the Multiculturalism in the News assignment due in Week Six.
The thesis must be adequately supported by the content in the final paper.
Format your outline consistent with APA guidelines.
Click the Assignment Files tab to submit your assignment.
Profession Interview and Response
Refer to the University of Phoenix Material: Professional Interview and Response Guidelines for assignment guidelines.
Interview two helping service professionals from two different settings, such as a school, hospital, or prison. Ensure that at least one of the interviewees is a clinical psychologist.
Provide the name and work environment of the two professionals you interviewed.
Ask the following questions to each of your interviewees:
In what setting do you practice? How long have you been practicing?
What are your specialties or areas of clinical focus?
What are the most common disorders you treat?
Do you have any special certifications or training beyond your original graduate coursework?
How do you approach therapy or treatment? Do you use specific modalities, techniques, or interventions?
What ethical and legal issues do you think are the most challenging or common?
Do you have an opinion on where you think the field of psychology is heading?
What do you enjoy most about your work?
What advice would you provide an aspiring psychologist or therapist?
Discuss, in a 350- to 700-word response, the similarities and differences of how these professionals approach treatment in their settings.
Format your paper consistent with APA guidelines.
Some men complain that because the second point is too vague and potentially too broad, they fear being falsely accused of sexual harassment. They also say they worry that simply smiling and indulging in a little friendly flirting with a female co-worker can be misconstrued. Some women also acknowledge that they miss some of the playful camaraderie.
Write your initial response to each part in 3–4 paragraphs. Support your arguments with research, applying APA standards to citation of sources
Question
1) In Hilgard’s theory, the _______ remains aware of what is going on during hypnosis.
“hypnotized” part of the mind
brain stem
“hidden observer” part of the mind
conscious mind
2) The “hidden observer”:
remains aware of what is going on during hypnosis.
gives people superhuman strength under hypnosis.
guides people’s actions when they are hypnotized.
counters the effects of hypnosis.
3) Hypnosis is unable to do which of the following?
help people relax in situations that would normally cause them stress
create amnesia for whatever happens during the session
relieve pain
give people superhuman strength
4) Mariam takes 20 minutes daily to sit by herself and meditate. A fully meditative state is a form of:
waking consciousness.
convergent thinking.
non-REM sleep.
altered consciousness.
5) Freud used dreams as a way to get at patients’:
phobias.
susceptibility to psychoanalysis.
brain waves.
unconscious conflicts stemming from childhood.
6) In the ____________, dreams are less realistic because they come not from the outside world of reality but from within people’s memories and experiences.
restorative theory
adaptive theory
latent content theory
activation-synthesis hypothesis
7) The ________ of a dream is the actual dream itself.
latent content
manifest content
conflict
repression
8) ____________ works to change the way people think about the stresses in their lives and react to those stressors, working toward more effective coping without using drugs.
Contingency-management therapy
Cognitive-behavioral intervention
Classical conditioning
Counterconditioning
9) How many drinks would the average person have to consume to reach a blood alcohol level of approximately 0.15%?
3–5
6–7
8–10
10–12
10) Barbiturates are known as:
gateway drugs.
the major tranquilizers.
the minor tranquilizers.
hallucinogens.
11) Which of the following is NOT true about psychoactive drugs?
Some can cause users to develop a drug tolerance.
Many were originally developed to help people.
They alter thinking, perception, memory, or some combination of these abilities.
All of them produce physical dependence in users.
12) Methamphetamine is an example of a:
depressant.
narcotic.
hallucinogen.
stimulant.
13) Physical sensations, such as nausea or extreme pain, that occur when the body is trying to adjust to the absence of a drug are called:
Korsakoff’s syndrome.
tolerance.
the “crash.”
withdrawal.
14) Even in mild doses, marijuana negatively affects:
reaction time.
mood.
appetite.
the ability to sleep.
15) A person has entered N3 (R&K Stages 3 and 4) sleep when delta waves account for ___ percent or more of brain wave activity.
20
5
90
75
16) A person with sleep apnea:
stops breathing for 10 seconds or more.
falls asleep without warning.
experiences a state of panic.
gets up and walks around while still sleeping.
17) The ________ is the internal clock that tells people when to wake up and when to fall asleep.
suprachiasmatic nucleus
pons
hippocampus
amygdala
18) Sleep apnea has been shown to cause:
REM behavior disorder.
narcolepsy.
heart problems.
SIDS.
19) A hypnic jerk is likely to occur during:
N2 (R&K Stage 2).
N1 (R&K Stage 1).
microsleeps.
REM sleep.
20) Predators such as lions sleep ________ their prey, the gazelle.
fewer hours per day than
more hours per day than
the same number of hours per day as
on the same schedule as
21) Which of the following is TRUE about night terrors?
They occur fairly equally in children and adults.
They are a state of panic experienced while asleep.
They happen during a light stage of sleep.
They are a common disorder.
22) Natural cycles of activity that bodies must go through are called:
states of consciousness.
hypnotic states.
biological rhythms.
microsleeps.
23) A sudden loss of muscle tone is called:
REM paralysis.
somnambulism.
narcolepsy.
cataplexy.
24) Theodora suffers from an inability to get to sleep and to stay asleep. Which of the following would help Theodora with her insomnia?
watching the clock so she knows how much sleep she is actually getting
spending some time in bed relaxing, reading or watching TV until she gets sleepy
trying various sleeping pills until she finds one that doesn’t cause REM rebound
going to bed and getting up on a regular schedule
25) The social-cognitive theory of hypnosis assumes that people who are hypnotized are:
only playing a role.
in a kind of dreamlike state.
in a fully altered state.
completely under the command of the hypnotist.
26) Melatonin supplements are often used to treat:
jet lag.
Korsakoff’s syndrome.
alcohol withdrawal.
night terrors.
27) Nightmares are more common in children than in adults because _____.
children suffer from lost sleep more often than adults
children spend more of their sleep in the REM state
children have more vivid imaginations than adults
growth hormones are released from the pituitary during non-REM sleep
28) Paul is a snorer who sometimes gasps for air while sleeping. Paul mostly likely suffers from:
narcolepsy.
sleep apnea.
insomnia.
somnambulism.
29) An example of a biological rhythm is:
dreaming.
a state of increased alertness.
the beat of the heart.
hunger.
30) Niles has begun to fall asleep suddenly during the day, sometimes in inappropriate places. Niles is most likely suffering from:
sleep apnea.
narcolepsy.
insomnia.
Below are the major elements required for the peer-reviewed research article critique assignment and their associated point values. The critique will be structured to contain the major category headings below including the:
Introduction
Methodology
Data Analysis (called Results in some articles)
Communicating Findings (often called Interpretation in articles).
The above headings should be included in your critique. For example, the first level heading will be entitled Introduction and listed under that heading there should be eight second level headings which are included in the rubric below.
If the article being critiqued is missing an element within one or more of the major categories, you should still address it in your critique. For example, if your article does not discuss sources of measurement error which may have been present in the study, you should describe them and their potential impact on the study’s results.
A cover page, abstract and reference page are required. Make sure that you use APA style to create the cover page for your paper and to format the abstract and reference page. Title the paper as “Critique of_______” with the article name in the blank space and without the quotation marks) and include on the cover page an APA formatted running head. The abstract should be no more than 250 words.
Be a minimum of 9 and a maximum of 12 full pages, size 12 font, double spaced with 1 inch margins, NOT including the Cover and References pages
Have an APA style cover page and reference page
Be proofread and contain minimal to no grammar errors, misspellings, incorrect APA formatting, or typographical errors
As the psychology profession evolves, new issues continue to arise. Advances in technology influence the way professional psychologists practice, which creates additional considerations such as patient privacy. As the world becomes more globally connected, additional ethical and multicultural issues emerge. As practitioners, professional psychologists must follow both professional and government regulations, both of which are continually changing. At times, these regulations may seem to act as barriers to effective practice. It is critical that psychologists know about these changes so they can accommodate them when necessary. It is your responsibility as a professional psychologist to examine emerging issues confronting the psychology profession and think about how they impact the future of the profession.
To prepare for this Discussion, visit the professional associations and organizations from Discussion 1 of this week. When you visit each website, pay particular attention to sections on the practice of psychology. These sections address the most pressing issues facing professional psychologists, both now and in the future.
This week’s study notes and your textbook emphasized the importance of understanding multiculturalism in effective interviewing. We often take for granted our own assumptions, values, and ways of perceiving the world until we encounter people from another culture. Recall a time when you experienced “culture shock” by traveling to another part of the world or by interacting with someone from another culture and were surprised by some of your own assumptions. If you have not interacted with people from different cultures, think about a book or film in which you became aware of your own assumptions and discovered that they were not universal. If you are having trouble, consider renting the movies Slumdog Millionaire, The House of Sand and Fog, Mi Familia, or Double Happiness.
For this discussion assignment:
There are multiple approaches to the study and understanding of personality psychology. You will explore both the genetic and evolutionary theories of personality. There is a long and continuing debate over the roles of nature and nurture in the development of personality. Psychologists have long understood the importance of connecting biology and psychology. Many believe personality traits and dispositions, along with subsequent behaviors, have a biological component or are evolutionary in nature. One frequently asked question is whether personality is inheritable. Another critical question asks what role brain function has on personality traits and, subsequently, on behavior.
To deepen your understanding, you are encouraged to consider the questions below and discuss them with a fellow learner, a work associate, an interested friend, or a member of the business community.
The following optional resources are provided to support you in completing the assessment or to provide a helpful context. For additional resources, refer to the Research Resources and Supplemental Resources in the left navigation menu of your courseroom.
Click the links provided to view the following resources:
Click the links provided below to view the following multimedia pieces:
The following are designed to teach you how to properly format citations in APA:
The following e-books or articles from the Capella University Library are linked directly in this course:
A Capella University library guide has been created specifically for your use in this course. You are encouraged to refer to the resources in the PSYC-FP2900 – Introduction to the Psychology of Personality Library Guide to help direct your research.
Access the following resources by clicking the links provided. Please note that URLs change frequently. Permissions for the following links have been either granted or deemed appropriate for educational use at the time of course publication.
The resources listed below are relevant to the topics and assessments in this course and are not required. Unless noted otherwise, these resources are available for purchase from the Capella University Bookstore. When searching the bookstore, be sure to look for the Course ID with the specific –FP (FlexPath) course designation.
Note: The assessments in this course build upon each other, so you are strongly encouraged to complete them in sequence.
In this assessment, you will examine the genetic and evolutionary approaches to understanding personality. This assessment will prepare you for the application of theory in the next assessment, so it is recommended that you complete this assessment first.
For this assessment, create a chart to explain the genetic and evolutionary approaches to personality. Use bullet points and short phrases to complete the following in your chart:
After you have completed your chart, use critical thinking skills to write a paragraph using APA style and formatting that:
